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Optimizing Tissue Sampling Timing for Accurate Gene Expression Analysis.

Sabina Davidsson1, Tomas Jerlström1, Jessica Carlsson1

  • 1Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 703 62 Örebro, Sweden.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Radical cystectomy significantly alters gene expression in urinary bladder mucosa. Researchers found key inflammation-related genes like IL6 and FOS were upregulated after surgery, impacting molecular diagnostics.

Keywords:
gene expressionsurgerytissue sampling timingurinary bladder

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Biospecimen quality is crucial for molecular diagnostics and prognostics.
  • Surgical procedures often yield the biospecimens used in these analyses.
  • Understanding intraoperative molecular changes is vital for accurate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of surgical manipulation on gene expression in urinary bladder mucosa during radical cystectomy.
  • To identify specific genes affected by the surgical process.
  • To provide insights for refining experimental methodologies in molecular studies.

Main Methods:

  • Paired pre- and post-surgery biopsies from 17 urinary bladder cancer patients.
  • Gene expression analysis using qPCR arrays for 374 inflammation-related genes.
  • Validation of key gene expression changes in an independent cohort.

Main Results:

  • Significant differential expression in 27 genes was observed post-surgery.
  • Key genes including IL6, FOS, and PTGS2 showed upregulation after surgical manipulation.
  • Validation confirmed the differential expression of selected genes.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical manipulation during radical cystectomy induces significant changes in urinary bladder mucosa gene expression.
  • These surgery-induced alterations must be considered when analyzing intraoperatively collected tissue samples.
  • Elucidating these molecular impacts enhances the reliability of gene expression studies in clinical settings.