Synchronization of Cardiac and Musical Signals Improves Interoceptive, Cardiac, and Emotional Functioning

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychology
• Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

• Integrating external (exteroceptive) and internal (interoceptive) sensory information is crucial for well-being.
• Dysregulation of interoception is linked to various clinical conditions, causing uncertainty and emotional distress.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of an interactive music system in enhancing interoceptive, cardiac, and emotional functioning.
• To explore the combined effects of cardiac biofeedback, mindfulness, and music listening.

Main Methods:

• A single-session attention task involving 24 healthy participants across three groups: heartbeat mindful attention, non-interactive music listening, and interactive music listening.
• Assessment of interoceptive accuracy, heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and negative affect.

Main Results:

• Interactive music listening significantly improved interoceptive accuracy compared to other conditions.
• All groups showed decreased HR, enhanced HRV, and reduced negative affect post-session.
• Moderation analysis highlighted the influence of self-reported interoception, cardiac dynamics, and anxiety/depression symptoms.

Conclusions:

• Interactive music systems are effective in improving interoceptive accuracy and intero-exteroceptive synchronization.
• This approach promotes mindful attention, certainty about bodily states, and calm physiological and emotional states.