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Wormian bones in simple sagittal synostosis: incidence and correlations
Pablo Miranda-Lloret1, Estela Plaza-Ramirez2, Giovanni Pancucci2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatriac Neurosurgery, Hospital Univeristario Politécnico La Fe, Avda Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain. miranda_pab@gva.es.
Accessory cranial bones, known as wormian bones, are common in sagittal synostosis. Their presence is linked to occipital bone shape, not age, and may indicate altered cranial forces.
Area of Science:
- Craniosynostosis research
- Developmental biology
- Orthopedic surgery
Background:
- Wormian bones are accessory cranial bones.
- Their development is linked to cranial deformational forces.
- Sagittal synostosis provides a model to study these forces.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the incidence of wormian bones in patients with isolated sagittal synostosis.
- Explore clinical correlations, including age and cranial morphology.
- Analyze data from patients treated at Hospital La Fe over 10 years.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical and radiological data.
- Analysis of preoperative CT scans (3D reconstructions, MIP images).
- Assessment of fontanelle/suture patency, wormian bone presence, and anthropometry.
Main Results:
- 104 patients included (80 males, 24 females).
- Wormian bones found in 41 patients, independent of age.
- Wormian bone presence significantly correlated with occipital incline.
Conclusions:
- Apical wormian bones are frequent in sagittal synostosis.
- Their presence may indicate a compensatory response to altered cranial forces.
- Wormian bones do not require inclusion in surgical resection plans.
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