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Updated: Jan 17, 2026
Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Published on: July 19, 2019
Baló's concentric sclerosis: A retrospective case series
Henry Peraza1, John Rees2, Jesse Kresak3
1Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Background:
Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disease with a unique concentric ring-like demyelination pattern.
Objectives:
To evaluate clinical features, disease progression, and treatment responses of BCS.
Methods:
This is a single-center retrospective study of all cases with the BCS ICD-10 code G37.5 (BCS) between October 1, 2015, and June 30, 2024.
Results:
We identified 14 BCS patients (median age 41 (25-60) years, 12/14 (86%) female, 11/14 (83%) Caucasian, 3/14 (27%) non-Caucasian / Hispanic) with a median disease duration of 5 (2-11) years. None had a pediatric onset. Initial clinical presentations included optic neuritis (8/14 [57%]), brainstem syndrome (4/14 [29%]), and transverse myelitis (3/14 [21%]). 13/14 (93%) had supratentorial typical BCS lesions, and 3/14 (21%) showed infratentorial BCS lesions. Median Expanded Disability Status Scale scores were 2.0 (0 - 6.5) at last follow-up. High relapse rates were observed on disease-modifying therapies with glatiramer acetate (4/6) and natalizumab (2/4). All (10/10) patients on disease-modifying therapy with anti-CD20 therapy (ocrelizumab: n = 8; rituximab: n = 2) remained relapse-free (median treatment duration: 62.5 [15-102] months).
Conclusions:
BCS may be associated with an overall favorable clinical course in the setting of anti-CD20 therapy.
