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Baló's concentric sclerosis: A retrospective case series
Henry Peraza1, John Rees2, Jesse Kresak3
1Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|September 14, 2025
Summary
Baló
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Demyelinating Diseases
Background:
- Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disease.
- BCS is characterized by a distinct concentric ring-like pattern of demyelination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical features of Baló's concentric sclerosis.
- To assess disease progression and treatment responses in BCS patients.
Main Methods:
- Single-center retrospective study.
- Inclusion criteria: ICD-10 code G37.5 (BCS) between October 1, 2015, and June 30, 2024.
- Analysis of clinical presentations, lesion patterns, disability scores, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- 14 BCS patients identified (median age 41, 86% female).
- Common initial presentations: optic neuritis (57%), brainstem syndrome (29%).
- High relapse rates observed with glatiramer acetate and natalizumab; no relapses with anti-CD20 therapies (ocrelizumab, rituximab).
Conclusions:
- Baló's concentric sclerosis may have a favorable clinical course.
- Anti-CD20 therapy appears highly effective in preventing relapses in BCS patients.
