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Binding of Sunset Yellow, a food coloring, to human carbonic anhydrase II: Structural and functional insights from a
Faezeh Hasrati1, Sirous Ghobadi1, Zohreh Shariati2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Baghe Abrisham, 67141-15111, Kermanshah, Iran.
Abstract:
The interaction of sunset yellow (SY), a widely used food coloring, with human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) was investigated using multiple spectroscopic techniques, including fluorescence, UV-Vis, and circular dichroism. The results showed that SY binds to hCA II, causing measurable changes in its enzymatic activity and structural properties. Fluorescence analyses indicated a quenching mechanism, while circular dichroism revealed alterations in secondary and tertiary structures. Moreover, SY binding affected the protein surface hydrophobicity index and its thermodynamic stability as well. Overall, these findings highlight that SY can modulate the structure and function of hCA II, providing insights with potential relevance to toxicology and enzymology.
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