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Ideal dietary fiber model: Personalized gut microbiota modulation based on structure-function relationships.

Chengming Wang1, Shining Qin1, Jiaqi Shi1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Efficient Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271017, China.

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Summary

The Ideal Dietary Fiber Model proposes a personalized approach to gut health by tailoring fiber formulations based on structure. This framework aims to precisely modulate gut microbes and metabolites for improved host physiology.

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Gut microbiotaIdeal dietary fiberMetabolic healthMicrobiota modulationOligosaccharidesPersonalized nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Nutritional science
  • Personalized medicine

Background:

  • Dietary fiber significantly influences gut microbiota and host health.
  • Current fiber classifications lack precision for targeted microbial modulation.
  • Understanding fiber-microbiota interactions is crucial for various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the "Ideal Dietary Fiber Model" for personalized gut microbial ecosystem design.
  • Emphasize structure-guided fiber formulation for precise microbiota modulation.
  • Synthesize current knowledge on fiber-microbiota interactions in disease.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on structural parameters: monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkages, and polymerization degree.
  • Highlight oligosaccharides for selective microbial modulation and metabolite production.
  • Review preclinical and clinical evidence of fiber-microbiota interactions in diseases.

Main Results:

  • Fiber structure dictates microbial community composition and metabolite profiles (e.g., SCFAs, indoles).
  • Fiber-microbiota interactions are implicated in obesity, T2D, NAFLD, IBD, CRC, and neurocognitive disorders.
  • Current research is predominantly preclinical, indicating a gap in clinical translation.

Conclusions:

  • The Ideal Dietary Fiber Model provides a framework for microbiota-targeted dietary design.
  • Integrating microbiome stratification with fiber structure-function data is key for precision nutrition.
  • Rigorous clinical validation is necessary to establish the therapeutic potential of this model.