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Risk factors for childhood falls in Ghana: A multi-center cross-sectional study

Jacob Solomon Idan1,2, Emmanuel Kweku Nakua1, Shadrach Mintah1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.

Journal of Public Health Research
|September 15, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Childhood falls are a major concern in Ghana. Younger age, male gender, and higher guardian education are key risk factors for falls in children, informing targeted prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Injury Prevention

Background:

  • Childhood injuries, especially falls, are a significant public health issue in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs).
  • In 2021, an estimated 350,000 falls occurred among children globally, disproportionately affecting LMICs.
  • Ghana faces a substantial burden of childhood falls, necessitating research into specific risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the risk factors associated with falls among children in Ghana.
  • To identify demographic and socioeconomic determinants of fall-related injuries in a Ghanaian pediatric population.
  • To provide evidence for developing targeted interventions to reduce childhood falls in Ghana.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing data from four tertiary teaching hospitals in Ghana.
  • Inclusion of 1555 children under 18 years who presented with unintentional injuries between January 2017 and December 2020.
  • Application of generalized logistic regression to identify significant risk factors for falls.

Main Results:

  • Falls constituted 55% of all reported unintentional injuries among children.
  • Children aged 5-12 years (47%) and males (69%) were most affected by falls.
  • Younger age groups (infants, toddlers, preschoolers), being male, and higher guardian education level were significant risk factors for falls.

Conclusions:

  • Age, gender, and guardian's education level are significant risk factors for childhood falls in Ghana.
  • Findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to mitigate fall-related injuries in children.
  • The study offers valuable insights for public health strategies in Ghana and other LMICs facing similar challenges.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ghanachildrenfallsunintentional injury

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