Experience with the bipolar prosthesis in hip arthroplasty. A clinical study

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Science
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Hip arthroplasty is a common procedure for various hip pathologies.
• Conventional total hip arthroplasty often requires cement fixation, which carries potential risks.
• Bipolar hip arthroplasty presents a less invasive alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical outcomes of bipolar hip arthroplasty.
• To assess the efficacy of bipolar hip arthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fracture and degenerative joint diseases.
• To compare the results with conventional total hip arthroplasty.

Main Methods:

• Seventy-three patients (75 hips) underwent bipolar hip arthroplasty.
• Indications included femoral neck fracture, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and degenerative arthritis.
• The procedure typically avoids methyl methacrylate bone cement fixation.

Main Results:

• Overall success: 67.1% good to excellent, 20.5% fair, 12.3% poor outcomes.
• For arthritic patients: 72.9% good to excellent, 19.1% fair, 8.5% poor outcomes.
• Low complication rate: one deep wound infection, one arterial embolus; no dislocations.

Conclusions:

• Bipolar hip arthroplasty demonstrates favorable outcomes for hip fracture and arthritis.
• The cementless fixation enhances its conservative nature and safety profile.
• It is a viable and effective alternative to conventional total hip arthroplasty.