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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Key Factors of Obliterative Bronchiolitis After Lung Transplantation
Published on: November 10, 2023
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Native lung aspergilloma after single lung transplantation-a case series
Lior Tsviban1, Mordechai R Kramer2,3, Ludmila Fridel2,4
1Pulmonary Institute and Graub CF Center, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Journal of Thoracic Disease
|September 15, 2025
Summary
Native lung aspergilloma is a risk for single lung transplant recipients (SLTs). Early suspicion and antifungal therapy offer a similar prognosis to non-immunocompromised patients.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Transplant Surgery
- Mycology
Background:
- Pulmonary aspergilloma poses risks including hemoptysis and invasive fungal disease.
- Unilateral lung transplant recipients (LTRs) are susceptible to aspergilloma in their native lung.
- This study details native lung aspergilloma in LTRs, focusing on management and outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical experience with native lung aspergilloma in single lung transplant recipients (SLTs).
- To outline the management strategies and patient outcomes for this complication.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of SLT recipients at Rabin Medical Center (November 1997 - March 2023).
- Identification of cases with native lung aspergilloma.
Main Results:
- Five cases of native lung aspergilloma were identified among 465 SLT recipients, all with a primary diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD).
- Median time to diagnosis was 45 months post-transplant.
- Conservative antifungal therapy was effective for most; one patient underwent successful pneumonectomy, while another died from infection.
Conclusions:
- A high index of suspicion for native lung aspergilloma is crucial in SLT recipients.
- Despite immunodeficiency, prognosis for aspergilloma in this cohort is comparable to non-immunocompromised individuals.
