A Qualitative Study on the Knowledge and Awareness of the Mid-Day Meal Scheme Among Parents and Teachers

Background The mid-day meal (MDM) scheme is one of India's flagship school-based nutrition programs aimed at improving health and education outcomes of children. While numerous quantitative studies have assessed its benefits on the nutritional status of children and their attendance, there is limited exploration of stakeholders' experiences. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and experiences of parents and teachers about the MDM scheme in Maharashtra, India. Methods Thirty participants, including 20 parents and 10 teachers, were purposively selected from a government-run primary and upper primary school located in Khopoli, Khalapur block, Raigad district, Maharashtra. A qualitative exploratory design was adopted to collect data on the knowledge and awareness of MDM programmes using focus group discussions (FGDs). Data were collected using FGD guides and were analyzed thematically across five domains: awareness, perceived impact, challenges, stakeholder roles, and suggestions for improvement. Results Participants viewed the MDM scheme positively in terms of improving classroom attention, reducing hunger, and encouraging school attendance. However, limited awareness of nutritional guidelines, concerns over meal monotony and taste, and the absence of formal feedback mechanisms were recurrent concerns. Teachers reported infrastructural and supervisory challenges, while parents expressed a willingness to contribute more actively. Conclusion The MDM scheme is considered beneficial by the parents and teachers, but implementation challenges limit its full impact. Improving meal diversity and institutionalizing community participation can strengthen its effectiveness and sustainability while enhancing stakeholders' perception about MDM.