Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

4.3K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.3K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

3.2K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.2K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

4.9K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.9K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

2.1K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.1K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

5.0K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
5.0K
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

13.8K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
13.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ionochromic optical sensor of amino-functionalized alginate brush grating.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Hierarchically porous chitosan nanofibers via porous polymer network functionalization for enhanced antibiotic removal in a microfluidic system.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Baseline and long-term changes in phthalate exposure are differentially associated with lipid peroxidative but not DNA oxidative stress in adolescents and young adults: A 10-year prospective cohort study.

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety·2026
Same author

Trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-expressing gynecologic cancers from DESTINY-PanTumor02: antitumor activity, safety, and exploratory biomarker analyses.

Journal of gynecologic oncology·2026
Same author

Community-dwelling older adults' perspectives and experiences of living with multidimensional frailty and multimorbidity: a qualitative study.

Contemporary nurse·2026
Same author

Comparative safety of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced solid tumors: a real-world cohort study with competing risk analysis.

Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.4K

Gestational diabetes: a contributor to long-term thyroid dysfunction and disease.

Yu-Hsiang Shih1,2, Chia-Jung Hsieh1, Shao-Jing Wang1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|September 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the long-term risk of thyroid diseases like hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Women with prior GDM should undergo extended thyroid monitoring, especially if older or overweight.

Keywords:
gestational diabetes mellitushyperthyroidism - diagnosishypothyroidismthyroid diseasethyroid function

More Related Videos

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
08:47

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

10.2K
Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT

Published on: January 7, 2018

71.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.4K
Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
08:47

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

10.2K
Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT

Published on: January 7, 2018

71.4K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasingly linked to thyroid dysfunction.
  • Long-term risks of clinically diagnosed thyroid diseases post-GDM require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term incidence of specific thyroid disorders in women with a history of GDM compared to those without.
  • To identify specific thyroid conditions associated with prior GDM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing the TriNetX U.S. network (>80 healthcare organizations).
  • Included women aged 16-45 years with pregnancies between 2001-2015, excluding those with pre-existing conditions.
  • Propensity score matching (1:1) and Cox models were used to analyze outcomes up to 20 years post-index pregnancy.

Main Results:

  • GDM was associated with significantly higher risks of hyperthyroidism (HR 1.60), hypothyroidism (HR 1.33), thyroiditis (HR 1.55), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HR 1.37), toxic goiter (HR 1.70), and non-toxic goiter (HR 1.26).
  • No increased risk was observed for benign thyroid neoplasms or thyroid cancer.
  • Elevated risks were more pronounced in women aged 35-45 years and those with a BMI >25.

Conclusions:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased long-term risk for various thyroid diseases.
  • Extended thyroid monitoring is recommended for women with a history of GDM, particularly those who are older or overweight/obese.