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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
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The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...

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Exploring cervicovaginal microbiome differences between single and multiple endometrial polyps: implications for

Tianshu Sun1, Qingyue Zheng2, Roujie Huang2

  • 1Clinical Biobank, Center for Biomedical Technology, National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Msystems
|September 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals distinct cervicovaginal microbiome profiles in single versus multiple endometrial polyps (EPs). These microbial differences, identified through metagenomic sequencing, can serve as biomarkers for non-invasive EP classification.

Keywords:
biomarkerendometrial polypsmetagenomic sequencingrandom forest modelreproductive tract microbiome

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Microbiome Research
  • Gynecological Oncology

Background:

  • Endometrial polyps (EPs) are common gynecological conditions with varying recurrence rates.
  • Distinguishing between single and multiple EPs is crucial for treatment decisions, but current methods like laparoscopy are invasive.
  • Non-invasive diagnostic methods are needed to accurately categorize EP subtypes preoperatively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize and compare the reproductive tract microbiome in patients with single versus multiple endometrial polyps (EPs).
  • To identify potential microbial biomarkers for the non-invasive differentiation of single and multiple EPs.
  • To develop a predictive model for EP subtype classification.

Main Methods:

  • Metagenomic sequencing was performed on vaginal and cervical samples from 27 patients with single EPs and 22 with multiple EPs.
  • Community State Types (CSTs) and specific bacterial species were analyzed and compared between groups.
  • A random forest model was utilized to identify key microbiota and clinical parameters for differentiating EP subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Single EP cases showed lower percentages of CST I and II compared to controls and multiple EP cases.
  • Specific bacteria, including *Sneathia amnii*, *Mesorhizobium* sp., *Acinetobacter baumannii*, and *Pasteurella multocida*, were differentially abundant between single and multiple EPs.
  • A random forest model achieved an AUC of 0.861 in differentiating single from multiple EPs, highlighting potential non-invasive biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • The cervicovaginal microbiome composition differs significantly between single and multiple endometrial polyps.
  • Identified microbial signatures and pathways offer potential for developing non-invasive diagnostic tools for EP classification.
  • These findings pave the way for personalized treatment strategies based on non-invasive EP subtyping.