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This study models contact angle hysteresis on fiber-roughened surfaces, finding geometry constrains hysteresis and energy dissipation drives droplet behavior. Analytical solutions and experiments confirm these findings for functional surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Contact angle and its hysteresis are fundamental to fluid-solid interactions.
  • Surface roughness significantly influences contact angle hysteresis.
  • A general model for fiber-roughened surfaces is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Derive analytical solutions for contact angle hysteresis on fiber-roughened surfaces.
  • Investigate the role of geometry and energy in droplet behavior.
  • Validate models with simulations and experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Geometrical analysis to derive analytical solutions.
  • Calculation of Gibbs free interfacial energy.
  • Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) simulations and quasi-2D/3D experiments.

Main Results:

  • Contact angle hysteresis is geometrically constrained.
  • Advancing, receding, and equilibrium contact angles oscillate and approach asymptote values.
  • Droplet vibration and energy dissipation occur due to energy cliffs.
  • Prewetted surfaces can achieve zero contact angle hysteresis.

Conclusions:

  • Analytical models provide insights into contact angle hysteresis on fiber-roughened surfaces.
  • Energy analysis reveals non-geometrical equilibrium states.
  • Experimental validation confirms theoretical predictions for functional surfaces.