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Nonlinear interaction characteristics between acoustical transmitters in multiple parametric arrays.

Haokang Shi1,2,3, Desen Yang1,2,3, Jie Shi1,2,3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple parametric arrays (MPAs) utilize nonlinear acoustic transmitter interactions for beam formation. This study elucidates these mechanisms, enabling enhanced control over acoustic beams and vortex beam generation.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Nonlinear Acoustics
  • Array Signal Processing

Background:

  • Nonlinear interaction between acoustical transmitters is crucial for multiple parametric arrays (MPAs) acoustic field formation.
  • The characteristics of this nonlinear interaction and its role in beam formation are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acoustic beam formation of MPAs by elucidating the mechanisms and parameter influence on nonlinear coupling strength.
  • To analyze the transmitting array gains (TAGs) and explore the generation of highly directional and vortex beams.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized steerable Gaussian beam expansion under paraxial approximation to study MPA acoustic beams.
  • Derived TAGs as a superposition of linear and coupling terms.
  • Analyzed the impact of phase difference and array elements on beam characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Elucidated mechanisms and parameter influence laws on nonlinear coupling strength among distinct acoustical transmitters.
  • Demonstrated that controlling phase difference (±π/2) can achieve narrower beam widths than conventional in-phase arrays.
  • Showcased vortex beam generation by adjusting phase difference with azimuth angle, analyzing orbital and transmitter number impacts.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a robust physical foundation for manipulating MPAs by understanding nonlinear interaction characteristics.
  • Nonlinear coupling offers enhanced control over acoustic beam width and enables novel beam generation, such as vortex beams.
  • Experimental validation confirms the theoretical analysis, paving the way for advanced MPA applications.