Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

323
The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
323
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

737
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
737
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

363
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
363
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

2.7K
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
2.7K
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

332
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
332
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

311
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
311

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reversible Causes of Transitory Motor Evoked Potential Decrease During Posterior Spine Fusion in Rapidly Progressive Scoliosis Treatment: A Case Report.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Frontal Lobe and Subregional Volumetric Alterations Across Alzheimer's Disease, Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Vascular Dementia: An MRI Volumetry Study.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

Neurometabolic and Neuroinflammatory Consequences of Obesity: Insights into Brain Vulnerability and Imaging-Based Biomarkers.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Reduced Pineal Gland Volume in Oncology Patients: Association with Chemotherapy Duration.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025
Same author

Exploring the Father-Adolescent Life Satisfaction Relationship in Light of Fathers' Personality Traits and Satisfaction with Life: A Transgenerational Perspective.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Reduction in Brain Parenchymal Volume Correlates with Depression and Cognitive Decline in HIV-Positive Males.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
07:30

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Published on: April 23, 2021

3.4K

Cognitive and vascular (dys)function after COVID-19.

Aleksandra Đ Ilić1,2, Vladimir Galić3,4, Vojislava Bugarski Ignjatović3,4

  • 1Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova Street 1-9, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. aleksandra.dj.ilic@mf.uns.ac.rs.

Journal of Neurovirology
|September 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 survivors show lasting vascular changes impacting cognition. Arterial stiffness, particularly in mild cases, is linked to cognitive impairment, suggesting SARS-CoV-2

Keywords:
Breath holding indexCarotid stiffnessCerebrovascular reactivityCognitionSARS-CoV-2Β index

More Related Videos

Monitoring Changes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells upon Viral Infection Using Impedance-Based Real-Time Cell Analysis
07:56

Monitoring Changes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells upon Viral Infection Using Impedance-Based Real-Time Cell Analysis

Published on: May 5, 2023

708
Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
07:30

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Published on: April 23, 2021

3.4K
Monitoring Changes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells upon Viral Infection Using Impedance-Based Real-Time Cell Analysis
07:56

Monitoring Changes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells upon Viral Infection Using Impedance-Based Real-Time Cell Analysis

Published on: May 5, 2023

708
Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • COVID-19 is a systemic infection known to cause endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications.
  • The long-term effects of COVID-19 on vascular structure, function, and cognitive performance remain unclear.
  • Understanding these impacts is crucial for managing post-COVID-19 sequelae.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vascular and cognitive differences among patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19.
  • To explore correlations between global cognitive performance and specific vascular parameters.
  • To identify potential links between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment post-COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 83 working-age COVID-19 survivors (30-65 years) assessed 6-12 months post-infection.
  • Participants were grouped by COVID-19 severity: mild, moderate, and severe.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); vascular parameters (carotid intima-media thickness, stiffness index, flow velocities, breath-holding index) were measured via ultrasound and Doppler.

Main Results:

  • Severe COVID-19 cases exhibited higher carotid stiffness and poorer cerebrovascular reactivity.
  • No significant group differences in MoCA scores were found, but 23-40% of participants had mild cognitive impairment.
  • MoCA scores negatively correlated with arterial stiffness (β index) in the mild COVID-19 group.
  • Mean flow velocity (MVs) positively correlated with MoCA scores in the severe COVID-19 group.

Conclusions:

  • The association between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment in mild COVID-19 cases suggests lasting SARS-CoV-2 effects.
  • Carotid stiffness is identified as a key factor contributing to post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment.
  • Early identification of vascular risks is essential for timely intervention in COVID-19 survivors.