Examine integrating PCM yarns for enhancing merchant maritime uniform fabricated by polyester double cloth fabric

Functional garments play a crucial role in various professional settings, particularly in merchant maritime uniforms, which must be optimized to meet users' requirements and withstand environmental fluctuation. In this study, a double-cloth woven structure was developed using phase change material (PCM) yarns, which were strategically incorporated into the backcloth layer intended for direct skin contact. Polyester yarns, including microfibers and Renova variants, were selected for their innovative mechanical and comfort-related properties. Sample designs were guided by the mechanical characteristics of the yarns. Comprehensive evaluations were conducted using standardized test methods to assess physical and mechanical properties, comfort and thermal regulation, UV protection, antistatic behavior, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) performance. Statistical analyses-including column bar graphs, one-way ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05), and radar charts-demonstrated that the integration of PCM yarns significantly enhanced fabric performance. Key improvements included reduced thickness, increased breathability and water absorbency, and enhanced thermal comfort. Notably, laying viscose PCM yarns outperformed polyester PCM yarns in supporting the produced fabric attitude for the proposed application.