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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

Tumour Single-Cell Bioinformatics: From Immune Profiling to Molecular Dynamics.

Jane Siu-Fan Li¹, Zoey Zeyuan Ji¹, Aaron Qi Zhang¹

¹Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

|September 16, 2025

Summary

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reveals tumor complexity by profiling the tumor microenvironment (TME). This technology enhances understanding of immune evasion and informs personalized cancer treatments.

Keywords:

immune landscape single‐cell RNA sequencing tumour microenvironment

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Genomics

Background:

Tumors are complex ecosystems, not just cancer cells.
The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences tumor progression.
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers high-resolution cellular profiling.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize advances in using scRNA-seq to analyze the TME.
To discuss implications for immunotherapy resistance and precision oncology.
To outline future directions for personalized cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

High-resolution profiling of tumor cellular composition using scRNA-seq.
Analysis of immune cell heterogeneity and functional states within the TME.
Integration of scRNA-seq data with clinical information.

Main Results:

scRNA-seq identified remarkable TME heterogeneity, including novel immune cell subsets.
Intercellular signaling networks and cell-state transitions driving tumor progression were illuminated.
Potential for improved patient stratification and biomarker discovery was highlighted.

Conclusions:

scRNA-seq is crucial for dissecting the TME and understanding tumor biology.
Findings impact strategies for overcoming immunotherapy resistance.
This technology paves the way for more effective, personalized cancer treatments.