Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

2.4K
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
2.4K
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

3.8K
The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Soft tissue mobilization is more effective than self-stretching in the acute reduction of common wrist extensor tendon stiffness in recreational tennis players.

Physiotherapy theory and practice·2025
Same author

Upper extremity soft tissue stiffness measured with shear wave elastography: A between-day reliability study.

Shoulder & elbow·2024
Same author

Common Wrist-Extensor Tendon and Pectoralis Muscle Stiffness in Healthy Recreational Tennis Players.

Journal of sport rehabilitation·2024
Same author

Lateral Elbow Pain and Muscle Function Impairments.

The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy·2022
Same author

Relationship of clinical measures with humeral torsion in young adults: a pilot study.

The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy·2021
Same author

Scapular motion is accelerated in asymptomatic individuals with dyskinesis: An observational study.

Journal of bodywork and movement therapies·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
09:36

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip

Published on: June 4, 2020

3.5K

Wrist flexor and extensor tendon stiffness during functional grip: A pilot study.

Joseph M Day1, Harold Merriman2

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, University of Dayton, Fitz Hall, Room 209B, 300 College Park Ave., Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wrist extensor tendon stiffness significantly increases during grip. The common wrist extensor tendons (CWET) exhibit greater stiffness than common wrist flexor tendons (CWFT) at rest and during contraction in healthy adults.

Keywords:
ElbowShear wave elastographyTendon compliance

More Related Videos

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention
09:48

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Published on: September 11, 2017

10.3K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Grasping Abilities for Hemiplegic Patients with Flexible Robotic Limbs
03:55

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Grasping Abilities for Hemiplegic Patients with Flexible Robotic Limbs

Published on: October 27, 2023

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
09:36

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip

Published on: June 4, 2020

3.5K
Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention
09:48

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

Published on: September 11, 2017

10.3K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Grasping Abilities for Hemiplegic Patients with Flexible Robotic Limbs
03:55

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Grasping Abilities for Hemiplegic Patients with Flexible Robotic Limbs

Published on: October 27, 2023

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
  • Tendon Physiology

Background:

  • Tendon stiffness is crucial for efficient force transmission and injury prevention.
  • Understanding differences in stiffness between flexor and extensor tendons is important for grasping mechanics.
  • Limited research quantifies these differences under varying load conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify differences in resting and submaximal gripping stiffness between the common wrist flexor tendon (CWFT) and common wrist extensor tendon (CWET).
  • To compare tendon stiffness values between flexor and extensor tendons at rest and during submaximal grip.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 2D shear wave elastography (SWE) ultrasound imaging to measure shear modulus (kPa) of CWFT and CWET.
  • Measurements were taken at rest and during 25% maximal grip strength.
  • Analyzed data using a two-way univariate analysis of variance, assessing tendon type and grip condition.

Main Results:

  • Common wrist extensor tendons (CWET) demonstrated higher stiffness than common wrist flexor tendons (CWFT) at rest and during grip (p < .001).
  • Tendon stiffness increased significantly from rest to grip for both tendons (p < .001).
  • A significant interaction effect indicated a greater increase in stiffness for CWET during contraction (p < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Common wrist extensor tendon (CWET) stiffness significantly increases during grip.
  • CWET exhibit greater resting and contraction stiffness compared to CWFT in healthy young adults.
  • Findings provide insights into the mechanical properties of wrist tendons during functional tasks.