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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Head01:19

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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
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In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
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In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis
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Can walking improve forward head posture? A narrative review.

Chin Chin Ch'ng1, Yen Li Lim1

  • 1Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia; Institute of Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health Malaysia, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Backward walking may help correct forward head posture (FHP) by improving cervical alignment and balance. This accessible intervention can complement traditional therapies for FHP, offering a simple, low-barrier solution.

Keywords:
Backward walkingCraniovertebral angleForward head posturePostural correctionSlope walkingWalking interventionsWalking with load

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Physical Therapy
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Forward head posture (FHP) is a growing concern linked to modern device use.
  • Conventional FHP treatments focus on exercises, but walking interventions are less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if walking can be an effective intervention for correcting forward head posture.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed up to January 2025.
  • Relevant studies were identified across multiple databases and reference lists.

Main Results:

  • Seven studies indicated backward walking may enhance cervical posture and balance.
  • Modifications like backward walking with weights or on inclines showed potential benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Walking interventions, especially backward walking, offer accessible adjuncts to FHP treatment.
  • These methods are easily integrated into daily life for sustainable posture correction.
  • Further research is needed to confirm efficacy and optimize protocols.