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Effects of an Aquatic Exercise Protocol on Blood Pressure, Respiratory Function, and Functional Capacity in
Ruanito Calixto Júnior1, Andréia Maria Silva Vilela Terra1, Guilherme Cândido Viana Gonçalves1
1Human Performance Research Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Jovino Fernandes Sales Avenue, 2600, Alfenas, MG, Santa Clara, 37133-840, Brazil.
Background/Aims:
People with type 2 diabetes (DM2) should practice aquatic exercise. Short protocols show varied results, and longer ones may lead to sample losses, justifying the need for more studies with shorter interventions.
Objective:
Investigate the effects of a structured five-week aquatic exercise protocol on blood pressure, respiratory parameters, and functional capacity in individuals with DM2.
Methods:
Randomized controlled trial. Fifty-two people diagnosed with DM2 were randomized into a control group (CG, n = 25) and an intervention group (IG, n = 27). Both groups participated in an educational lecture at the end of the study. The IG participated in aquatic conditioning, three times a week, totaling 15 visits. The evaluators were blinded to the allocation of these people.
Outcome Measures:
Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Maximum Inspiratory (MIP) and Expiratory Pressure (MEP); Peak Expiratory flow (PEF) and 6-min walk test (6MWT) assessed at the beginning (time 0), after five weeks (time 1) and after fifteen days of the final evaluation (follow -up - time 2).
Results:
The results indicate that there was no statistical difference between groups for all variables. There is a significant reduction in the SBP (p = 0.019), DBP (p = 0.011) variables and significant increase in MIP (p = 0.015), PEF (p = 0.01) and 6MWT (p = 0.001) variables when comparing times for the experimental group.
Conclusion:
It is concluded that five-week aquatic training reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure and functional capacity over time. However, when compared to the groups, no changes were observed in the analyzed parameters.
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