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Two-dimensional Coulomb gas in a nonconservative trap
David S Dean1, Rashed Aljasmi2, Satya N Majumdar3
1Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France.
Physical Review. E
|September 16, 2025
Summary
We investigated a two-dimensional Coulomb gas in a nonequilibrium steady state. A rotational force tilted the elliptical droplet and generated a concentric current, with large forces creating a circular droplet.
Area of Science:
- Statistical mechanics
- Condensed matter physics
- Non-equilibrium systems
Background:
- Studying the behavior of strongly interacting systems is crucial for understanding complex physical phenomena.
- Nonequilibrium steady states offer insights into systems driven far from thermal equilibrium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the nonequilibrium steady state of a 2D Coulomb gas under anisotropic trapping and rotational forces.
- To understand how rotational forces influence system density, shape, and dynamics.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical analysis using hydrodynamic calculations.
- Numerical simulations to confirm theoretical predictions.
Main Results:
- In the absence of rotation, a uniform density elliptical droplet is formed.
- Rotational force induces a tilted ellipse and a concentric current within the droplet.
- Strong rotational forces lead to a circular droplet shape.
Conclusions:
- Hydrodynamic predictions align with simulation results.
- The study provides a comprehensive understanding of driven nonequilibrium states in strongly interacting systems.
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