Restless Legs Syndrome in Adult Primary Care

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) or Willis‑Ekbom Disease is a sensorimotor condition marked by an irresistible need to move the legs, typically accompanied by uncomfortable sensations that peak during periods of rest and disrupt nightly sleep. Early identification in primary care is essential, as timely intervention can dramatically improve the patient's quality of life. Diagnosis relies on a focused clinical history, guided by targeted questions that explore symptom timing, triggers, and relief measures. Management begins with non‑pharmacological strategies, such as optimizing sleep hygiene and correcting iron deficiency, before progressing to pharmacologic options like gabapentinoids or dopamine agonists when needed. By combining lifestyle modifications with tailored medication plans, clinicians can effectively reduce symptoms and improve sleep quality.