Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:28

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

3.7K
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
3.7K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

3.6K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
3.6K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

16.0K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.0K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview

3.5K
Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous...
3.5K
Organic Compounds03:02

Organic Compounds

56.5K
All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
56.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.6K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Valence-tuned electron bridge enables high-yield multi-electron HMF oxidation over spinel catalysts.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Theory-Driven Experimental Discovery of M-N-C Electrocatalysts.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same author

Strong metal-support interaction of Ru-NPs/WC<sub>x</sub> boosts alkaline hydrogen evolution and oxidation for alkaline fuel cells and electrolyzers.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Boosting the photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production of covalent organic frameworks with a heteroatom-locked acceptor and gas diffusion system.

Chemical science·2025
Same author

Simulation Evidence of Nanobubble Clusters of Gas in Water: A Nanoscale Solvation Mechanism.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Unraveling the Potential-Dependent Selectivity of Propylene Electrooxidation: The Role of Electrochemistry-Induced Reconstruction.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same journal

A Domino-Synthesized Dicoordinate Copper(I) Bis-imidazopyridine Complex Triggering Cuproptosis/Ferroptosis for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Mirror-Symmetric Organic Two-Dimensional Crystals for Alternative Photon Transport Pathways.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Cobalt-Catalyzed Migratory E-Selective Asymmetric Aza-Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi Coupling.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Facile Synthesis of α,ω-Dihydroxy Telechelic Macromonomers From Ethylene and α-Olefins for Recyclable Alternating Block Copolymers.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Multi-Atom Sub-Nanometer Assemblies on Interpenetrating Multi-Chambered N/C Nanospheres.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

A Synergistic C<sub>2+</sub> Alcohols/Olefins-Intermediated Pathway Boosts CO<sub>2</sub> Hydrogenation to Aromatics.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
08:42

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

14.1K

Thiazole-2-Carbaldehyde-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Xuefeng Wang1, Jing Ning1, Jianping Zhang1

  • 1College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No.700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, P.R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel thiazole-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were synthesized. These materials show significantly enhanced luminescence and enable sensitive detection of toxic mercury ions (Hg²⁺).

Keywords:
Covalent organic frameworksHg2+ sensingLinkage transformationPhotoluminescenceThiazole‐2‐carbaldehyde monomer

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

4.1K
Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

49.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
08:42

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

14.1K
Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

4.1K
Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

49.1K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous polymers with tunable properties.
  • Developing novel COF building blocks is crucial for expanding their applications.
  • Enhancing photoluminescence and developing selective sensors remain key research areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a novel aldehyde-substituted benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis(thiazole) monomer (BBTC).
  • To utilize BBTC for creating imine-linked COFs and subsequently imidazole-based COFs via linkage transformation.
  • To investigate the optical properties and sensing capabilities of the synthesized COFs, particularly for heavy metal detection.

Main Methods:

  • Facile synthesis of the BBTC monomer with high yield.
  • Polymerization of BBTC to form imine-linked COFs.
  • Linkage transformation of BBTC COFs to imidazole N-heterocyclic carbene precursor COFs (BBTC-INP COFs) and imidazole-2-thione COFs (BBTC-IT COFs).
  • Photoluminescence spectroscopy to determine quantum yields.
  • Fluorescence sensing experiments for Hg²⁺ detection.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of BBTC monomer and its use in creating COFs.
  • BBTC-INP and BBTC-IT COFs showed significant enhancements in photoluminescence quantum yields (2620- and 1810-fold, respectively) compared to the parent BBTC COF.
  • BBTC-IT COF demonstrated high selectivity and sensitivity for Hg²⁺ detection with a limit of detection as low as 60 nM.
  • Thione groups in BBTC-IT COF act as effective binding sites for Hg²⁺.

Conclusions:

  • A series of novel thiazole-2-carbaldehyde-based COFs were successfully synthesized.
  • Linkage transformation strategy effectively enhanced the optical properties of COFs.
  • The developed BBTC-IT COF shows great promise for sensitive and selective fluorescence-based detection of Hg²⁺.
  • This work expands the diversity of COFs and provides a platform for developing BBTC-based materials for various applications.