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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

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A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
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Intrathecal Baclofen to Improve Functional Status in ALS: A Case Report.

Mark P Pressler1, Peter S Cooper1, Whitney Carter1

  • 1University of Virginia Department of Anesthesiology, Charlottesville, VA.

Pain Medicine Case Reports
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pumps improved functional status in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient with severe spasticity and tremors. The patient experienced increased mobility and reduced symptoms after ITB therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy is established for chronic pain and spasticity management.
Keywords:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)baclofenchronic painfunctional statusinterventional painintrathecal

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  • ITB allows significantly lower doses compared to oral baclofen, with comparable efficacy.
  • Limited evidence exists on ITB's impact on functional status in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients.