Methods, applications, and computational challenges in bait capture enrichment

Bait capture enrichment techniques have revolutionized our understanding of complex biological systems by enabling the selective isolation of specific genomic regions for detailed study. This review offers a comprehensive examination of bait capture enrichment, evaluating its advantages, limitations, and applications. We explore the computational challenges inherent in bait capture enrichment, including bait design, deduplication, variant detection, and the modeling of off-target binding. Current solutions and open problems in these areas are discussed, highlighting potential future research directions. By addressing these challenges and improving bait capture methodologies, we can enhance the ability to investigate genomic regions of interest with greater precision and efficiency, ultimately advancing our understanding of fundamental genetic and biological processes.