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Hybrid Biofabrication of Multilayered, Self-Supporting Tracheal Constructs Using Functionalized dECM Hydrogels
Meenu Ts1, Shyama Sasikumar1, Shibu Chameettachal1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502284, India.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|September 16, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed a novel multilayered tracheal construct using decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels. This innovative approach mimics native tracheal structure, offering a promising solution for tracheal reconstruction and regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Tracheal defects pose significant challenges due to limitations of current treatments like synthetic implants, allografts, and autografts.
- Existing tissue-engineered grafts often fail to replicate the native multilayered structure and biomechanical properties of the trachea.
- Immune rejection, donor shortages, and poor mechanical integration hinder current tracheal repair methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a multilayered heterogeneous tracheal construct using decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels.
- To mimic the native tracheal architecture and enhance cellular functionality through a hybrid approach.
- To create a self-standing, functional tracheal graft for improved clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A hybrid approach integrating digital light processing printing and gel casting was employed.
- Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels were functionalized with cells to create sequential cartilage, submucosa, and muscle layers.
- The construct was designed to replicate the native tracheal architecture and biomechanical properties.
Main Results:
- A self-standing, multilayered tracheal construct mimicking native architecture was successfully developed.
- Each layer demonstrated structural integrity, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and contractility.
- The construct exhibited structural integrity and mechanical properties comparable to native tracheal tissue, supporting cell viability and integration.
Conclusions:
- The developed multilayered tracheal construct presents a promising solution for tracheal reconstruction and regeneration.
- This hybrid approach offers a viable alternative to current treatments, potentially revolutionizing tracheal repair.
- The study highlights the potential of dECM hydrogels and advanced printing techniques for creating functional tissue-engineered grafts.
