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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model
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Lung function and frailty: Dose-response relationship, mediation effects, and prediction model.

Sirui Zhou1,2, Ping Wang1, Weijian Zhu3

  • 1Department of Respiration, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.

Medicine
|September 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Reduced lung function, measured by percentage of predicted peak expiratory flow (PEFpred%), is linked to higher frailty risk in Chinese older adults. Cognitive function partially mediates this association, informing early screening and intervention strategies.

Keywords:
cognitionfrailtylogistic regressionpeak expiratory flowpredictive model

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Public Health
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Lung function, cognitive ability, and lifestyle are crucial for older adult health and frailty prediction.
  • The link between lung function and frailty in Chinese populations is not well understood.
  • Existing clinical frailty assessments lack standardization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a frailty risk prediction model using lung function, cognitive ability, and lifestyle factors.
  • To provide a basis for early frailty screening and intervention in Chinese middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 6065 Chinese adults (≥45 years) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.
  • Measured peak expiratory flow (PEF) and calculated percentage of predicted PEF (PEFpred%).
  • Employed multilevel logistic regression, Bootstrap methods, LASSO regression, and cross-validation for analysis and model development.

Main Results:

  • Higher PEFpred% was significantly associated with lower frailty risk, with a nonlinear dose-response relationship.
  • Cognitive function partially mediated the relationship between PEFpred% and frailty, accounting for 20.11% of the effect.
  • The developed frailty risk prediction model demonstrated good performance (AUC 0.796 training, 0.775 validation).

Conclusions:

  • Percentage of predicted peak expiratory flow (PEFpred%) is a valuable predictor of frailty risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly populations.
  • Cognitive function plays a significant mediating role in the association between lung function and frailty.
  • The developed prediction model shows promise for clinical application in early frailty detection and management.