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Easily Fabricated Flexible Pressure Sensor with Angelfish-Structured ZnO/SR Dielectric Layer for Human-Machine

Yunong Zhao1, Xishun Ruan1, Jianhong Hao1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|September 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel flexible pressure sensor using an angelfish-inspired dielectric layer. This high-performance sensor enhances human-machine interaction and wearable technology with its sensitivity and durability.

Keywords:
bionic structureflexible capacitive pressure sensorhigh sensitivityhuman–machine interactionzinc oxide (ZnO)/silicone rubber (SR) composite dielectric layer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomimetics
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Increasing demand for high-performance flexible tactile and pressure sensors in human-machine interaction (HMI) and smart wearables.
  • Need for advanced sensor materials with improved stability, sensitivity, and durability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a novel flexible capacitive pressure sensor with enhanced performance.
  • To utilize an angelfish-inspired dielectric layer for improved sensor characteristics.
  • To explore applications in HMI and wearable biomechanical monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a bionic angelfish-structured mold using 3D printing.
  • Development of a composite dielectric layer with zinc oxide (ZnO) in silicone rubber (SR).
  • Characterization of the flexible capacitive pressure sensor's performance metrics (range, limit, sensitivity, response/recovery times, durability).

Main Results:

  • The sensor exhibits a broad pressure detection range (0-400 kPa) and a low detection limit (0.8 Pa).
  • High sensitivity achieved across different pressure ranges, with rapid response/recovery times (∼87.5, ∼62.5 ms).
  • Demonstrated long-term stability over 6000 cycles and effective pressure variation capture during hand movements.

Conclusions:

  • The angelfish-inspired dielectric layer design significantly enhances flexible capacitive pressure sensor performance.
  • The developed sensor shows great potential for advanced HMI, pressure visualization, and wearable biomechanical monitoring.
  • This biomimetic approach offers a promising pathway for next-generation flexible electronic devices.