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Related Concept Videos

Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

21.7K
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
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Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

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Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Genotyping and Quantification of In Situ Hybridization Staining in Zebrafish
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Admixture Mapping Reveals Evidence for Multiple Mitonuclear Incompatibilities in Swordtail Fish Hybrids.

Nemo V Robles1,2, Benjamin M Moran1,2, María José Rodríguez Barrera1,3

  • 1Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Molecular Ecology
|September 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hybrid incompatibilities, crucial for speciation, arise from genetic interactions. This study identifies nine mitonuclear incompatibilities in swordtail fish, revealing their role in reproductive isolation between species.

Keywords:
hybrid incompatibilitieshybrid populationsmitonuclear interactionsswordtail fish

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Speciation

Background:

  • Hybrid incompatibilities are predicted to reduce hybrid fitness, acting as barriers to gene flow.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of these incompatibilities is key to explaining species divergence.
  • Recent advances allow for genetic mapping of hybrid incompatibilities in natural populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To genetically map hybrid incompatibilities in natural populations of swordtail fish (Xiphophorus).
  • To investigate the role of interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in reproductive isolation.

Main Methods:

  • Admixture mapping was employed in natural hybrid populations.
  • Identification of genomic regions involved in mitonuclear incompatibilities.

Main Results:

  • At least nine genomic regions were implicated in mitonuclear incompatibilities.
  • These incompatibilities involve interactions with X. malinche and/or X. birchmanni mitochondria.
  • The strength of selection and impact on gene flow vary among these incompatibilities.

Conclusions:

  • Mitonuclear incompatibilities play a significant role in the evolution of reproductive barriers.
  • The study provides insights into the complex genetic architecture of selection against incompatibilities in hybridizing species.