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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Rigid support-molecular regulation-interface reinforcement synergistic strategy enables PEO-based electrolytes for

Yingtai Zhao1,2,3, Xiangping Feng1,2,3, Xin Sun1,2,3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China. zhengrunguo@126.com.

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|September 17, 2025
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This study introduces a new composite solid-state electrolyte for solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs). The PEO@GFC-15 material enhances ionic conductivity and stability, paving the way for safer, high-performance batteries.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes offer flexibility and low cost for solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs).
  • Key limitations include low ionic conductivity, poor electrochemical stability, and insufficient mechanical strength.
  • Developing advanced electrolytes is crucial for high-performance and safe SSLBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel composite solid-state electrolyte (CSE) for enhanced SSLB performance.
  • To improve ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and mechanical properties of PEO-based electrolytes.
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of glass fiber cloth (GFC) and Li6.4Al0.1La3Zr1.7Ta0.3O12 (LALZTO) particles.

Main Methods:

  • A simple and scalable solution casting method was employed.
  • Composite solid-state electrolyte (CSE) PEO@GFC-15 was prepared using GFC and LALZTO particles.
  • Characterization of structural, electrochemical, and mechanical properties.

Main Results:

  • The PEO@GFC-15 electrolyte demonstrated enhanced Li+ transport kinetics and increased amorphous regions.
  • Incorporation of LALZTO improved interface stability, raising the oxidation potential to 5.2 V.
  • The composite electrolyte exhibited improved flexibility, thermal stability, and Li plating/stripping stability.
  • Synergistic modification strategy involving rigid support, molecular regulation, and interface reinforcement was effective.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PEO@GFC-15 composite solid-state electrolyte significantly enhances the performance of SSLBs.
  • The combination of GFC and LALZTO provides a promising approach for overcoming PEO limitations.
  • This research offers valuable insights for designing high-performance solid-state electrolytes for next-generation batteries.