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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

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Published on: July 5, 2011

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Do shoulder kinematics change after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty?

Itaru Kawashima1, Eric R Wagner2, Joseph J King1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

JSES International
|September 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) significantly increases scapular posterior tilt after surgery. However, other shoulder kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) showed no significant changes from pre- to post-operation.

Keywords:
ArthroplastyKinematicsPostoperativePreoperativeReverse total shoulder arthroplastySHRScapulohumeral rhythmShoulder

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Shoulder kinematics

Background:

  • Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) is known to alter shoulder kinematics.
  • It is unclear if these kinematic changes are pre-existing or a result of surgery.
  • The influence of preoperative scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) on postoperative SHR after rTSA is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare shoulder kinematics before and after rTSA using 3D-2D model-image registration.
  • To evaluate the correlation between preoperative and postoperative SHR after rTSA.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty shoulders in 19 patients undergoing rTSA were analyzed.
  • Dynamic digital radiography and CT scans were used to create 3D models for kinematic analysis.
  • Scapular and humeral kinematics were calculated at 10° increments during abduction.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in scapular posterior tilt was observed postoperatively (P = .019).
  • No statistically significant changes were found in SHR, scapular upward rotation, or internal/external rotation.
  • No significant correlation was detected between preoperative and postoperative mean SHR.

Conclusions:

  • rTSA leads to a significant increase in scapular posterior tilt compared to preoperative states.
  • Other kinematic parameters, including SHR, did not show significant changes from pre- to post-rTSA.