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Related Concept Videos

Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

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Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Adherens Junctions01:24

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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
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Desmosomes01:05

Desmosomes

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The term desmosome derives from the Greek words "desmo" and "soma" meaning "adhesion bodies." This structure was first observed during the late 1800s and described as small, dense nodules in the epidermis. Desmosomes are button-like structures that help form an interlinked network of intermediate filaments across the cells. These junctions are  essential to hold cells together under mechanical stress and to maintain tissue integrity. Desmosomes are multi-protein...
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Synthesis of Strong Adhesive Hydrogel, Gelatin O-Nitrosobenzaldehyde
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Tough dual-network Janus hydrogel patch for universal and reversible adhesion.

Xiuli Pu1, Buyun Chen1, Qiang Li1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China xlwang@sjtu.edu.cn.

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Summary

This study introduces a Janus hydrogel with dual-sided adhesion properties. This innovative biomaterial prevents unwanted tissue adhesion while maintaining strong bonding for medical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Hydrogel adhesives show promise in hemostasis, wound closure, and tissue regeneration.
  • Current hydrogels suffer from poor mechanical properties and indiscriminate adhesion, leading to potential postoperative complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a Janus hydrogel with tunable, dual-sided adhesion properties.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional hydrogels in biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Janus hydrogel using naturally-derived amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid) and dopamine.
  • Utilizing Fe3+ coordination to achieve differential adhesion on opposing surfaces.
  • Incorporating catechol surface chemistry and topological entanglement for enhanced adhesion and stability.

Main Results:

  • The Janus hydrogel demonstrated robust mechanical strength (approx. 410 kPa) and stability via a secondary network.
  • Achieved excellent adhesion properties (over 550 J m-2) with high repeatability ( < 20% decrease after 5 cycles).
  • Successfully modulated adhesion, maintaining strong bonding on one side while minimizing it on the other to prevent unintended tissue adhesion.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Janus hydrogel effectively addresses challenges of mechanical weakness and indiscriminate adhesion in traditional hydrogels.
  • Its tunable properties, robust performance, and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for diverse biomedical applications, including advanced wound closure and tissue engineering.