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In atrial fibrillation patients, the biomarker β-thromboglobulin (BTG) was inversely associated with cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). Lower BTG levels may indicate increased risk for CMBs, suggesting a role for platelet activation in brain lesion development.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Biomarkers are crucial for understanding brain lesions in atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • Platelet activation marker β-thromboglobulin (BTG) reflects platelet activity.
  • Association of BTG with cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and infarcts in AF patients is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between plasma BTG levels and brain magnetic resonance imaging (bMRI) findings in AF patients.
  • To determine if BTG can serve as a biomarker for cerebral microbleeds or ischemic lesions in AF.

Main Methods:

  • 1724 AF patients from the Swiss-Atrial Fibrillation cohort were analyzed.
  • Plasma BTG levels were measured using the Luminex assay.
  • CMBs and ischemic lesions were detected by bMRI and analyzed using multivariable regression models.

Main Results:

  • A 25% lower odds of having CMBs was associated with a 1-unit increase in log-transformed plasma BTG after multivariable adjustment.
  • BTG was not significantly associated with large noncortical/cortical infarcts or small noncortical infarcts.
  • CMBs were present in 21.4% and cerebral infarcts in 36.8% of the study population.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma BTG is inversely and independently associated with CMBs in AF patients.
  • Lower BTG levels may indicate a higher risk of CMBs.
  • This suggests that low-grade platelet activation might influence vascular integrity in AF.