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  1. Home
  2. Development Of A High-performance Liquid Chromatography-fluorescence Method For Determination Of Ethoxyquin And Its Dimer In Antarctic Krill Powder.
  1. Home
  2. Development Of A High-performance Liquid Chromatography-fluorescence Method For Determination Of Ethoxyquin And Its Dimer In Antarctic Krill Powder.

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Development of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Method for Determination of Ethoxyquin and Its

Lihong Xing1,2, Weihong Sun1,2,3, Xiaojie Sun1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, P. R. China.

Journal of Separation Science
|September 17, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new analytical method accurately measures ethoxyquin (EQ) and its metabolite ethoxyquin dimer (EQDM) in Antarctic krill powder. This ensures consumer safety by monitoring preservative levels in krill products.

Keywords:
Antarctic krill powder | ethoxyquin dimer | ethoxyquin | high‐performance liquid chromatography

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Area of Science:

  • Food Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Ethoxyquin (EQ) is a synthetic antioxidant used as a preservative in consumer products and animal feeds.
  • EQ is commonly added to Antarctic krill products, raising concerns about potential consumer health hazards.
  • Monitoring EQ levels in krill is crucial for ensuring consumer safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a simultaneous analytical method for determining residual ethoxyquin (EQ) and its primary metabolite, ethoxyquin dimer (EQDM).
  • To validate the method for application in Antarctic krill powder (AKP) analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of residual EQ and EQDM from AKP using sodium carbonate solution, acetone, and n-hexane.
  • Purification of analytes via neutral alumina solid-phase extraction.
  • Quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection.
  • Main Results:

    • The method demonstrated excellent linearity (correlation coefficients >0.999) for both EQ and EQDM.
    • High recoveries (78.8%–101%) and low relative standard deviations (<15%) indicate accuracy and precision.
    • Sensitive detection and quantification limits were achieved (LOD: 3 µg/kg for EQ, 30 µg/kg for EQDM; LOQ: 10 µg/kg for EQ, 100 µg/kg for EQDM).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed HPLC method is sensitive, accurate, easy to operate, and economical.
    • This method is suitable for the routine determination of EQ and EQDM in Antarctic krill powder.
    • The method supports enhanced quality control and consumer safety for krill-based products.