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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
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Vaccination Update and Specific Concerns for RA.

Mariana Urquiaga1, Kevin L Winthrop2,3, Jeffrey R Curtis4

  • 1Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Current Rheumatology Reports
|September 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vaccine recommendations for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are evolving with new vaccines and treatments. Stay updated on immunization guidelines for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), SARS-CoV-2, and pneumococcal disease to manage risks effectively.

Keywords:
ImmunogenicityMMRMeaslesRSVReactogenicityShingles

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) face a higher burden of vaccine-preventable diseases.
  • Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used in RA management can impact vaccine immunogenicity.
  • Evolving landscape of new vaccines and DMARDs necessitates updated immunization strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases in RA patients.
  • To assess the latest evidence on vaccine immunogenicity in DMARD users.
  • To outline expert and guideline-based immunization recommendations for RA patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on vaccine-preventable diseases in RA.
  • Analysis of current evidence regarding vaccine immunogenicity in patients on DMARDs.
  • Synthesis of recommendations from expert bodies and guidelines, including the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices (ACIP).

Main Results:

  • Expanded recommendations for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination, with lowered age cutoffs for high-risk groups.
  • Updated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recommendations, including additional doses for immunocompromised individuals (including RA patients).
  • Revised pneumococcal immunization guidelines, with a new 21-valent conjugate vaccine and a lowered age cutoff for general vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccine recommendations for RA patients are dynamic and require continuous updates.
  • RA patients, particularly those who are moderately to severely immunocompromised, benefit from specific vaccination strategies.
  • Staying current with ACIP and rheumatologic society guidelines is crucial for optimal immunization of RA patients.