Effectiveness of group therapy for prolonged grief symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prolonged grief disorder (PGD), now in the DSM-5-TR, involves persistent grief that may disrupt daily life functioning. This review examines evidence on group-based psychotherapeutic interventions for adults with prolonged grief symptoms. Following PRISMA guidelines, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were searched for trials from 1980 to 2025. Twelve studies met criteria, including randomized controlled and quasi-experimental designs. Structured group approaches-especially cognitive-behavioral, dual-process, and compassion-focused-showed reductions in prolonged grief and distress like depression and anxiety. Group therapy supports emotional expression and social bonds, aiding adjustment after loss. Despite variations in dropout rates and limited follow-up, methodological quality was generally strong. Findings show group interventions as supportive, accessible options for complicated grief, especially for those at risk of isolation. Future research should address cultural factors, long-term effects, and compare with other therapies. Building evidence for group interventions may improve grief care and support healthier adjustment.