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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Light-induced Patterning and Grafting for Slippery Surfaces based on Silane-coated Nanoporous Structures
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Controllable wetting characteristics of hierarchically structured surfaces.

Xin He1, Yifeng Wang2, Kai Cui1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City 132012, China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|September 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how two-level topography on surfaces controls water film behavior, identifying distinct wetting regimes. The research elucidates mechanisms for achieving stable nonwetting states, crucial for ice repellency and self-cleaning applications.

Keywords:
Energy evolutionHierarchical structureSelf-dewetting processWetting regimeWetting transition

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science and Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Hydrophobic surfaces with two-level topography are vital for ice repellency and self-cleaning.
  • Current research often lacks a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing wetting on these complex surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the wetting characteristics of nanoscale water films on hierarchically structured surfaces.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms behind different wetting regimes using molecular dynamics simulations.
  • To design novel surfaces with switchable wetting properties.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the monoatomic water (mW) model.
  • Indirect umbrella sampling (INDUS) calculations for free-energy pathways.
  • Analysis of wetting regimes based on Young contact angles (θY).

Main Results:

  • Identified three wetting regimes: metastable nonwetting (θY = 84.6°), coexisting one/two-level wetting (θY = 107.4°), and stable nonwetting (θY = 135.3°).
  • The coexisting regime exhibits a metastable one-level wetting state due to asymmetric energy barriers.
  • Two-level topography at θY = 135.3° eliminates dewetting barriers, enabling spontaneous dewetting.
  • A novel wetting-functional surface with dispersed nanoparticles promotes self-dewetting.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a mechanistic understanding of wetting on complex hierarchical surfaces.
  • Findings guide the design of surfaces with tunable wetting states for advanced applications.
  • The developed wetting-functional surface demonstrates effective self-dewetting capabilities.