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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

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The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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An Oxychloride Solid Electrolyte with Superior Na-Ion Conductivity.

Hongyang Shan1, Yanming Cui2, Wei Xue1

  • 1College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.

Inorganic Chemistry
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Researchers developed novel sodium-ion oxychloride solid electrolytes for all-solid-state sodium batteries. These materials exhibit high ionic conductivity, paving the way for safer, high-performance energy storage solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • All-solid-state sodium batteries (ASSSBs) offer enhanced safety and cost-effectiveness over lithium-ion counterparts.
  • Sodium-ion solid electrolytes (SEs) are crucial for ASSSBs but often lag lithium-ion SEs in ionic conductivity.
  • Developing high-performance SEs is key to unlocking the potential of sodium-ion battery technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel sodium-ion oxychloride solid electrolytes.
  • To investigate the ionic conductivity and structural properties of the new SEs.
  • To evaluate the performance of these SEs in all-solid-state sodium-iodine batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Na-ion oxychloride SEs with the composition Na3xTaO3xCl5-3x using NaTaO3.
  • Measurement of room-temperature ionic conductivity and activation energy.
  • Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS).
  • Electrochemical testing of ASSSBs utilizing the developed SE.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high room-temperature ionic conductivity of 2.6 mS cm⁻¹.
  • Determined a low activation energy of 0.26 eV for Na+ ion transport.
  • Confirmed the oxygen bonding environment and local Na+ coordination via XPS and XAS.
  • Demonstrated reversible charge-discharge cycling in all-solid-state sodium-iodine batteries.

Conclusions:

  • The novel Na-ion oxychloride SEs exhibit excellent ionic conductivity and low activation energy.
  • Synergistic structural features facilitate efficient Na+ migration, crucial for battery performance.
  • These materials represent a promising advancement for high-performance and safe all-solid-state sodium batteries.