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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Sampling and Identification of Microplastics in Groundwater
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Detecting Polystyrene Nanoparticles in Environmental Samples: A Comprehensive Quantitative Approach Based on

Nematollah Omidikia1,2, Helge Niemann1,3, Hanne Ødegaard Notø2

  • 1Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 't Horntje 1797 SZ, The Netherlands.

ACS ES&T Water
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PubMed
Summary

A new method accurately quantifies nanoplastic (NP) particles in environmental samples. Combining non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and multivariate standard addition (MSA), it separates NP signals from complex organic matter for precise measurement.

Keywords:
curve resolutionmatrix effectnanoplasticsnon-negative matrix factorizationquantitative analysisthermal desorption

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Submicrometer-sized plastic particles, termed nanoplastics (NP), are prevalent in diverse ecosystems.
  • NP exist within complex organic matrices, posing analytical challenges for accurate quantification.
  • Existing methods struggle to differentiate NP signals from interfering compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust analytical workflow for accurate nanoplastic quantification.
  • To overcome challenges posed by complex organic matrices in environmental samples.
  • To establish a method for identifying and quantifying specific nanoplastic types, like polystyrene.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Thermal Desorption-Proton-Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry (TD-PTR-MS) for chemical selectivity.
  • Developed a novel workflow combining Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and Multivariate Standard Addition (MSA).
  • Applied the workflow to separate and quantify nanoplastic signatures from complex mixtures.

Main Results:

  • The NMF-MSA workflow successfully separated nanoplastic signals from organic interferents.
  • Achieved matrix-corrected nanoplastic fingerprints for identification and quantification.
  • Quantified polystyrene nanoplastics in environmental samples in the low nanogram range (e.g., 4.7 ng/mL in river water, up to 129 ng/g in sand).

Conclusions:

  • The novel NMF-MSA workflow provides a reliable method for nanoplastic quantification.
  • Demonstrated the method's efficacy in real-world environmental samples.
  • The findings enable more accurate environmental monitoring of nanoplastic pollution.