The Anti-Aging Effects of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes on Skin and Their Potential for Personalized...

Stem cell-derive exosomes have gained increasing attention in the skincare industry in recent years due to their multiple anti-aging benefits. However, differences in cell sources lead to significant heterogeneity in the composition of secreted exosomes, resulting in inconsistent biological effects. Moreover, the lack of standardized production protocols and the technical challenges associated with large-scale manufacturing continue to limit their broader application in the beauty industry. As a narrative review, this article systematically summarizes the biological functions and mechanisms of action of autologous adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (AMSCs-Exos) in anti-skin aging, covering in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Recent studies have shown that autologous exosomes derived from AMSCs not only possess the common bioactivity shared by stem cell-derived exosomes but also exhibit higher biocompatibility and a lower risk of pathogen transmission. In addition, their suitability for small-scale production makes them a more advantageous option. Furthermore, advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology are driving the transformation of the cosmetics industry from traditional skincare to personalized skincare: AI provides a basis for the personalized matching of exosome dosage and delivery methods through high-precision skin condition monitoring. It optimizes the iteration of customized exosome products by integrating intelligent analysis of dynamic changes in users' skin texture and usage feedback, and achieves closed-loop management from "universal formulations" to "precision repair" by combining skin physiological data with user preferences. The integration of AI with AMSCs-Exos not only expands their potential in personalized skincare applications but also holds promise for generating valuable clinical data, thereby further advancing the concept and scientific development of precision skincare.