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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice
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Developmental and Early-Life Stress-Induced Effects on 5-HT3R-Expressing Interneurons within Auditory Cortex.

James T Moore1,2, Matthew J Sunthimer1,2, Ethan White1

  • 1Hearing Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|September 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Early life stress (ELS) alters auditory cortex development by affecting specific interneuron populations. These changes in serotonin receptor 3A (5-HT3R) expressing cells may underlie sensory processing deficits.

Keywords:
5-HT3Radversityauditory cortexcritical perioddevelopmentearly-life stressinhibitionlayer 1serotonin

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cellular Neuroscience

Background:

  • Early life stress (ELS) is linked to neuropsychiatric disorders and lifelong sensory processing deficits.
  • Critical periods of development, characterized by heightened neuroplasticity, are particularly vulnerable to stress.
  • ELS during the auditory cortex (ACx) critical period impairs neural and behavioral responses to auditory stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how ELS affects specific interneuron populations expressing the serotonin receptor 3A (5-HT3R) in the primary ACx.
  • To understand the role of these interneurons in mediating ELS-induced alterations in critical period plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified Htr3a gene expression in VIP and NDNF interneurons using multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization.
  • Compared cell densities and gene expression in control and ELS-exposed animals during development.

Main Results:

  • Densities of NDNF and VIP interneurons decreased during the ACx critical period in control animals.
  • ELS exposure maintained elevated densities of these interneurons compared to controls.
  • Htr3a expression in VIP neurons was developmentally upregulated and further increased by ELS.

Conclusions:

  • ELS disrupts the normal developmental trajectory of 5-HT3R-expressing interneurons in the ACx.
  • Stress-induced alterations in these serotonergic interneurons may contribute to auditory processing deficits.