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On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Constructing Water-Lean Inner Helmholtz Plane Stabilizes Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Zinc Anode Longevity.

Zehua Zhao1, Huandi Zhang1, Xiaowei Shi1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Summary

Researchers enhanced zinc anode stability in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) by modifying the electrical double layer (EDL) structure using betaine and diethylene glycol. This approach suppresses parasitic reactions and dendrite growth, leading to extended cycle life.

Keywords:
aqueous zinc ion batteryhydrogen evolution reactioninner helmholtz planesolid electrolyte interfacezinc anode

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Zinc anode stability is crucial for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs).
  • The electrical double layer (EDL) structure at the Zn anode-electrolyte interface significantly impacts stability.
  • Tailoring the EDL is a promising strategy to improve Zn anode performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize a water-lean inner Helmholtz plane (IHP) of the EDL structure.
  • To enhance the stability and longevity of Zn anodes in AZIBs.
  • To suppress parasitic reactions and dendrite growth at the Zn anode.

Main Methods:

  • Addition of betaine (Bet) and diethylene glycol (DEG) to ZnSO4 electrolyte.
  • Preferential adsorption of DEG/Bet on the Zn surface to form a water-lean IHP.
  • In situ decomposition of DEG/Bet to form a hybrid solid electrolyte interphase (SEI).

Main Results:

  • A water-lean IHP of EDL was successfully constructed.
  • Parasitic reactions were suppressed, and dendrite growth was hindered.
  • The Zn anode achieved over 1700 cycles with 99.8% Coulombic efficiency at 1 mA cm⁻² and 1 mAh cm⁻².
  • Symmetric cells cycled over 280 hours at 10 mA cm⁻² and 50% depth of discharge.

Conclusions:

  • Betaine and diethylene glycol effectively modify the EDL structure for enhanced Zn anode stability.
  • The formation of a hybrid SEI layer is critical for suppressing dendrite growth.
  • This strategy offers a viable pathway for developing long-lasting Zn anodes in AZIBs.