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Intracranial Pharmacotherapy and Pain Assays in Rodents
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Topical Analgesics: Pharmacology and Clinical Applications

Marco Sisignano1, Andrew S C Rice2, Gerd Geisslinger1

  • 1Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Anesthesiology
|September 18, 2025
PubMed

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