Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
02:45

Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2024

2.4K

The association between acute kidney injury and Polymyxin B treatment: A retrospective cohort study

Long Wen1, Xuefeng Yuan2, Xiaohui Liu3

  • 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Science Progress
|September 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Polymyxin B (PMB) treatment can cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD) and higher PMB doses increase AKI risk, necessitating careful monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Polymyxin B (PMB) is a critical antibiotic for treating multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections.
  • Nephrotoxicity is a significant concern associated with PMB therapy, potentially leading to acute kidney injury (AKI).
  • Identifying risk factors for PMB-induced AKI is crucial for patient safety and optimizing treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of Polymyxin B (PMB) on nephrotoxicity parameters.
  • To identify variables associated with the development of AKI in patients receiving PMB.
  • To determine independent risk factors for PMB-associated AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 84 adult patients receiving PMB for >48 hours at a tertiary hospital.
  • Patients categorized into AKI and non-AKI groups based on KDIGO criteria.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis employed to identify risk factors for PMB-associated AKI.

Main Results:

  • 42.9% of patients developed AKI, with a median onset time of 5 days.
  • Concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR=5.47) and higher daily PMB maintenance doses (OR=12.57) were independently associated with AKI.
  • 16.7% of AKI patients required renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Conclusions:

  • PMB therapy is associated with a significant risk of AKI.
  • Pre-existing CKD and elevated PMB maintenance doses are independent risk factors for PMB-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Close monitoring of renal function and drug levels is essential for safe PMB administration.
Keywords:
Polymyxin Bacute kidney injurydrug safetylogistic regression modelrisk factor

More Related Videos

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

4.9K
Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research03:13

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.9K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
271
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
297
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
321
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
581
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
903
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
827