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Exposure to Radiation and Thyroid Cancer Risk Among Young Female Nurses: Longitudinal Analysis From the Korea Nurses'
Young Taek Kim1, Choa Sung2, Yanghee Pang3
1Division for Gender-based Violence Research, Korean Women's Development Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
JMIR Cancer
|September 18, 2025
Summary
Young female nurses face higher thyroid cancer risk due to younger age, night shift work, and radiation exposure. Early screening and occupational risk management are crucial for this high-risk group.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Occupational Health
- Oncology
Background:
- Thyroid cancer incidence is high globally, particularly in South Korea.
- Young women are a high-risk demographic for thyroid cancer.
- Specific risk factors in young female nurses remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify risk factors for thyroid cancer in young female nurses.
- Utilize longitudinal survival analysis for risk assessment.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study using Korea Nurses' Health Study (KNHS) data.
- Included female nurses aged 20s at baseline.
- Analyzed time-varying variables including work shifts and radiation exposure using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression.
Main Results:
- Younger age (20s vs 30s) significantly increased thyroid cancer risk (HR 4.602).
- Night shift work (HR 1.923) and radiation exposure (HR 3.449 to 4.178) were associated with increased risk.
- Marital status, sleep problems, and working unit also showed significant associations.
Conclusions:
- Younger age, night shift work, and radiation exposure are key risk factors for thyroid cancer in young female nurses.
- Emphasizes the need for early screening and occupational risk mitigation.
- Recommends radiation monitoring and circadian health support in healthcare settings.
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