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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

422
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
511
Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management01:27

Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management

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A comprehensive nursing assessment is essential for patients with valvular heart disease, which involves any dysfunction of the heart valves that could impact blood flow and overall heart function.Subjective Data Collection:Chief Complaint and Present Illness: Start with the patient's primary concerns, focusing on the onset, duration, and progression of cardiac symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and palpitations.Past Medical History: Collect detailed information on any previous...
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Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

323
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

223
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
223

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Workflow for Integrating POCUS Data into EHR for Managing Heart Failure Patients
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New Zealand Heart Failure Workforce Survey 2023.

Helen McGrinder1, Jocelyne Benatar2, Pamela Freeman3

  • 1Cardiology Nurse Practitioner, Green Lane Cardiovascular Services, Auckland City Hospital, Health New Zealand - Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai Auckland, Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|September 18, 2025
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Summary

The heart failure nursing workforce in Aotearoa New Zealand faces challenges, with many areas lacking sufficient specialized staff. Increasing nurse practitioners is recommended to improve patient care and outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Nursing
  • Health Workforce Analysis
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Heart failure management requires specialized nursing expertise.
  • Current workforce data for heart failure nurses in Aotearoa New Zealand is limited.
  • International benchmarks exist for adequate heart failure nursing resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the current state of the heart failure nursing workforce in Aotearoa New Zealand.
  • To identify significant challenges faced by this workforce.
  • To propose actionable recommendations for workforce development.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide survey of all district health boards in Aotearoa New Zealand was conducted in March 2023.
  • Data collected included full-time equivalent (FTE) per population, clinical vs. non-clinical time, scope of practice, and nurse-led services.
  • The survey achieved a 100% response rate from 23 hospitals.

Main Results:

  • Resource allocation for heart failure nursing varies significantly across district health boards.
  • Nearly 50% of boards reported less than one FTE per 100,000 population, falling below recommended levels.
  • Only three boards met the benchmark of two FTE per 100,000 population.

Conclusions:

  • The study underscores a gap in specialized heart failure nursing staff, particularly nurse practitioners (NPs).
  • Increasing NP numbers is crucial to meet international standards and enhance patient access to timely, effective care.
  • Targeted workforce development, considering ethnicity and geography, is recommended to improve healthcare outcomes, especially in underserved regions.