Understanding the maternal perception of neonatal jaundice: Insights from a hospital in Uruguay

Neonatal jaundice (NJ) is a common condition affecting new-borns worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, misconceptions about its causes, severity, and treatment persist among mothers, influencing the recognition and management. In Uruguay, no studies have previously assessed maternal knowledge and perceptions of NJ.

This study aimed to evaluate maternal understanding of NJ, identify sociodemographic, obstetric and gynecological factors influencing perception, and assess sources of information.

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Centre in Uruguay. A total of 201 postpartum mothers were surveyed using structured interviews and self-administered questionnaires. Data were collected on sociodemographic factors, prior exposure to NJ, general knowledge, and maternal attitudes towards its recognition and management.

While most participants had heard about NJ, only 31 % believed they knew what it was. The overall accuracy rate for knowledge-based questions was 25 %, with a high frequency of "I don't know" responses. Medical appointments were the primary source of information, yet considerable knowledge gaps remained. Notably, 98 % of mothers stated they would seek medical attention if their new-born exhibited signs of NJ, but misconceptions regarding severity and treatment remained.

This study highlights substantial deficiencies in maternal knowledge and awareness of NJ in Uruguay. Despite high healthcare access, inadequate guidance was evident across all sociodemographic groups. Enhancing perinatal education and implementing targeted awareness initiatives are crucial for improving the early recognition and management of NJ.