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A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay

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Published on: February 28, 2015

Systematic functional screening of switchable aptamer beacon probes.

Xuan Cheng¹, Panzhu Yao¹, Chongyu Jin¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Nature Biomedical Engineering

|September 18, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a new platform for creating "switchable aptamer beacons." These probes enable wash-free immunoassays, accurately detecting proteins inside cells and on membranes without complex steps.

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Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction

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Published on: October 6, 2022

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Immunoassays rely on affinity probes like antibodies and aptamers, but complex steps hinder their use in challenging environments.
Developing wash-free assays that signal upon target detection is a key goal for simplifying molecular analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a systematic functional screening platform for developing switchable aptamer beacon probes.
To enable target-responsive detection for simplified immunoassays.

Main Methods:

Constructed a library of stem-loop, hairpin-shaped aptamer beacons on microbeads.
Screened the library using target-responsive fluorescence-activated sorting.
Utilized computational modeling to understand aptamer binding and structural switching mechanisms.

Main Results:

Selected aptamer beacons demonstrated strong affinities and triggered fluorescence only upon target binding.
Successfully enabled wash-free immunoassays for detecting intracellular and membrane proteins.
Identified specific protein-aptamer interactions driving aptamer structural changes for signal activation.

Conclusions:

The developed platform standardizes the generation of switchable aptameric tools.
These aptamer beacons offer potential for advanced diagnostics and molecular biology research.
Wash-free detection simplifies complex assay environments like intracellular settings and microfluidics.