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Causal Relationship Between Hypertension And Vertigo: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Linrong Wu1, Yiming Shen2, Tian Li3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.

Current Neurovascular Research
|September 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Hypertension increases the risk of developing vertigo, especially benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and peripheral vertigo. This genetic study suggests a causal link, aiding in early vertigo prediction.

Keywords:
Hypertensionbenign paroxysmal positional vertigocentral vertigomendelian randomizationperipheral vertigo.vertigo

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Limited genetic research exists on hypertension's causal role in vertigo.
  • Observational studies face design limitations in establishing causality for vertigo subtypes like BPPV.
  • Hypertension's impact on vestibular dysfunction requires further genetic investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between hypertension and vertigo using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
  • To analyze the association between hypertension and total vertigo, central vertigo, BPPV, and other peripheral vertigo.
  • To provide genetic evidence for hypertension as a risk factor for specific vertigo types.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a two-sample MR design utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data.
  • Identified 53 genome-wide significant SNPs associated with hypertension as instrumental variables.
  • Applied various MR methods (IVW, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode) to assess causal associations.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive association was found between hypertension and total vertigo (OR: 1.16).
  • Hypertension was significantly linked to an increased risk of BPPV (OR: 1.12) and other peripheral vertigo (OR: 1.19).
  • No significant association was observed between hypertension and central vertigo (OR: 1.15).

Conclusions:

  • Genetic evidence supports a positive association between hypertension and vertigo, particularly BPPV and peripheral vertigo.
  • Hypertension may contribute to vestibular dysfunction through vascular changes and subsequent tissue hypoxia.
  • Findings aid in understanding vertigo risk factors and potential early prediction strategies.